The solidified area is used as a platform for construction activities. Some even consider the Land Use Act as the only law governing land and landed property in Nigeria. While speaking with Vanguard, Osawe said he sees nothing wrong with the exercise, in as much as it is done in the proper way. The problem of this action is that the nipa palm forest after being cleared is repossessed by the government for infrastructural developments, which rather than reduce the negative effect worsen the situation of the coast. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. But when it becomes rampant and reckless, the people must resist it because usurping natural settings could be disastrous in the long run, he said. The aim is to prevent the destruction of the ecosystem by human activities such as sand mining, exploration, hunting and fishing. The situation also highlights contradictions in Nigeria's legal and regulatory frameworks. Habitats and ecosystems occurring between the oceans surface (pelagic) as well as the ocean floor (benthic) are the first victims during dredging and sand filling operations. Globally, half of the world mangroves have been destroyed [16] as people have reclaimed those areas as a result of coastal development. It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Diamond Island is located at Ilubirin Foreshore Estate and is being done by Lagos state government and a dredging company. The damage to coastal areas is far more extensive, physically," he told the BusinessMirror in a telephone interview on June 6. The water channel has to be set up to facilitate interconnectivity. Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). The procedure attempts to convert unused land into useable land and contributes to the expansion of the land area, the creation of habitat for [] Jakarta, the fastest sinking city in the world, made a plan in 2014 to tackle rising sea levels and subsidence. On the Ejigbo development, Dr. Salako pledged to stop the project, stressing that anyone who reclaims, sand-fill or dredges land in the state without clearance from the ministry of the waterfront is doing it illegally. (A) Graph of species population along sampling points (T1, T2 and T3) indicates a decrease in number of species from point T1 (high nutrient content) to point T3 (low nutrient content); and (B) graph of concentration of physico-chemicals along within sites T1, T2 and T3. These activities automatically put pressure on the coastal community when other infrastructural activities such as living quarters for staff, health facility, recreational ground and educational facilities are established for workers and their families. Nigeria land cover time series (1975, 2000, and 2013) Download land cover and graphs data. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. Im a fisherman, how am I supposed to survive, the man lamented. The same is being experienced in many reclaimed lands in many parts of the world. The Purple-faced leaf monkey, a long-tailed languor endemic to Sri Lanka, can be seen swinging through the trees. Historically, reclamation meant irrigation projects that brought wetlands and deserts (considered useless wastelands) into agricultural production. It is the returning of lands to an improved state. During canalization, earth moving dredgers are deployed to excavate the benthic soil. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. Former mangrove forest that was converted to sand fill in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Umar Afegbua of the Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro, Bauchi State, in his own view said that that the reclamation exercise is not done in the right way in the sense that it destroys the other aspect of the environment; thereby, creating disequilibrium in the environment. The gigantic project, like others, is being done as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between Lagos state government and Orange Island Development Company (OIDC). More than a thousand acres of land was to be created by building a seawall more than 6km in length with. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. Creating an artificial island is an expensive and risky undertaking. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. The system of reclaiming land can be achieved through various methods. It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. The method is mostly regarded as the simplest one. These activities are economically beneficial to farmers, but inimical to the environment. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. The key to understanding Lagos, Africa's most populous city, is in the water. Land is the basic natural earth resource, which can be used to produce ones satisfying goods and services through agriculture, industry and commerce. The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. The white patch indicates the sand filled area while the green patches indicates mangrove forest that is still standing. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state g. overnment began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. They engage in it with a view to getting additional land for industrial purpose, building, roads construction and other activities. A Federal High Court, Abuja, on Tuesday, dismissed a certificate forgery suit filed by the Action Alliance (AA) against Sen. Bola Tinubu, presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC). So far in this location thousands of houses had been built, which houses over half a million persons. Land reclamation, usually known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill ), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Mangrove vegetation is the dominant species found at the interface between the land and the sea. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Expansion of creeks allow for navigational activities, commerce and construction. The provisions of the EIA Act No. In 2013, rainfed agriculture accounted for 380,000 sq km in Nigeria, covering over 40 percent of its national territory . Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. However, their predicament began when a company known as Nigerian Westminster Dredging and Marine Limited commenced sand filling project at Lagos Lagoon, at the foot of Third Mainland Bridge at Oworonshoki. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. Water can be drained from shallow areas, or the bed raised, making the land available for development. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. It is also referred to as the process of improving lands to make them suitable for more intensive use. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project w. hich kick started in 2008. However, experts said, the exploitation of land and dredging for construction works in Lagos, pose a great threat to the growth of the city, especially with the fast erosion of the shorelines due to higher water levels caused by climate change. Land reclamation is the process of constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, rivers and lake beds. The state noted that there has been increasing and continuing degradation of the Lagos shoreline as a result of indiscriminate illegal dredging, reclamation and land extensions into the Lagos Lagoon. So, some observers are of the view that the recent flooding that are now common in these areas are not unconnected to the ongoing massive land reclamation. African Development Bank Group (http://www.AfDB.org) President Dr.Akinwumi Adesina has appointed Senegals former minister Amadou Hott, as his Special Envoy and global champion for the Alliance for Green Infrastructure in Africa (AGIA). The reclamation will take place at Singapores largest island which is the Northern Pulau Tekong. The swamps are scooped away or reinforced with sand and concrete in other to produce a hard surface on which to construct foundations of buildings. Mangroves are regarded as land forming organisms [10]. The result indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the highest concentration. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. London, SW7 2QJ, In 2014, an area measuring 100m50m was dredged and sand filled. Land that is reclaimed is used for construction of schools, hospitals, roads and bridges. So, they use a quote in the Bible which says a man has been given dominion status to justify the claim. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. Together the system of management is called ecosystem management, which is a way of managing reserve to benefit biodiversity and people. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state government began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. Backing the argument of Nwilo, a former Professor of Geography at the University of Ibadan, Adetoye Faniran, viewed the matter in a way that seems supernatural. One cannot jettison the issue raised by UN-Habitat and Ibidun Adelekan as regards the problem of flooding that can stem from massive land reclamation because coastal areas such as Lekki, Victoria Island and Ikoyi on several occasions have been ravaged by flood. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas . An example is a nipa palm invaded area. description of the basic customary land tenure rules in Nigeria. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. The promise of accelerating growth, however, is questionable. Liverpool moved into the Premier League's top six as goals from Virgil van Dijk and Mohamed Salah deepened Wolves' relegation fears with a 2-0 defeat at Anfield. Located in the west-central part of Nigeria, Minna is a quiet and beautiful city in Nigeria. For instance, oil field that is established in mangrove swamp. Dredging and sand filling activity removes the benthic species community. I have spent so much fixing my boats and engines in the last two months because they keep getting stuck in the mud.. This is a situation where rivers near ports are expanded to accommodate large ocean going ships. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. Highly placed individuals prefer constructing their houses along coastal areas. Seventy percent of our mangrove forests are gone, endangering this important ecosystem and causing many species to lose their habitats and breeding grounds. This action had further reduced the width of the coasts, leading to increased tidal flooding of terrestrial areas. Regrettably, the space of public opinion can be overtly toxic to the point that cynics, mischief-makers and political opportunist ride overboard. Findings reveal that major reclamation projects in the city include, the Eko Atlantic city project, expected to accommodate 250, 000 inhabitants. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. Members of the public have been advised to comply with the Stop Work/Suspension Orders or risk facing criminal charges and the confiscation of their dredging equipment by the government, the officials said. Land is highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars and communal clashes because of its scarcity. Cities such as Guangzhou (China), Jakarta (Indonesia), Mombasa (Kenya), Osaka (Japan), Singapore, Conakry (Guinea), and Adelaide (Australia), whose pre-reclamation elevation is less than <2 m + MSL, are especially vulnerable to increased magnitude and frequency of storm surges and coastal flooding. 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